Management & Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Management & Organisation - Essay ExampleThe desire to function is penury. motivating refers to psychological aspects that necessitate the ability to arouse in an individual the literal desire to achieve set goals besides sustaining, controlling, and eliciting specific goal-oriented behaviors (Kleinbeck, et. al., 2013). According to Miner (2012), motive plays three significant functions assisting employees to understand their behavior, assisting managers to build and manage an effective motivation system, and provides conceptual tools for identification and analysis of various motivation problems. The following argon few of the aspects of motivation within an organization. Discussions Needs Theories Indisputably, motivation revolves around behaviors and necessarily. Since motivation aims at the needs of the employees, various need theories towards motivation have been proposed. Examples of such needs theories acknowledge Murrays theory of Human Personality, Maslows Hierarchy o f Needs, McClellands Achievement Motivation theory, and Herzbergs Motivator-Hygiene theories. Kleinbeck, et. al. (2013) add that within the contemporary environment there have been classifications that include cognitive and behavioral theories. Theories in these categories include expectancy, equity, goal setting, and behavior modification theories. Murrays theory of human personality focuses on two forms of needs physical and psychological. In this theory, both physical and psychological needs are a link connecting stimulus and employees reaction to the same (Kunitz, 2011). Maslows hierarchy of needs theory on the other hand focuses on five basic groups of necessities or basic needs. Maslow believes that these needs are so basic that either employee is motivated to achieve them (Kunitz, 2011). The needs include physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. E.R.G. theory focuses on three groups of needs existence, relatedness, and growth. The need for achievement, power, and affiliation form the epicenter of McClellands achievement motivation theory (Kunitz, 2011). Lastly, Herzbergs Motivator-Hygiene theory focuses on the satisfiers and dissatisfies. In this theory the motivators include achievement, recognition, and specific work (Miner, 2012). Hygiene factors play a significant role in motivating employees. Expectancy/Goals Theories Expectancy or goal theories define how to motivate the employees. However, it is important to note that expectancy/goals theories are more sophisticated (Kunitz, 2011). Evidently employees are motivated if they expect they can achieve their goals that attract both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards.